Pianosa is an island located in the Tyrrhenian Sea, which is part of the Tuscan Archipelago in the national park of the same name. It is located about 13 km south-west from the island of Elba, to which it is connected during the tourist season with regular navigation services, and all year round with Rio Marina and Piombino.

In 1856 the agricultural penal colony of Pianosa was established by the Grand Duchy of Tuscany and sentenced prisoners destined to work in the fields were sent to the island. The prison remained active during the fascist era and was finally closed in 2011.

The island fauna is represented by about thirty sea birds that nest in Pianosa. Some of these are the very rare Corsican gull, the lesser and greater berta and the peregrine falcon. Off the coast of Pianosa it is possible to spot dolphins, while meetings with the turtle Caretta Caretta or, as in the rest of the Tuscan Archipelago, with the monk seal, are increasingly rare.